सप्तकम्

SAPTAKAM

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Namaste,

We plan do interesting science experiment at our regular Saptakam sessions. We attempt to compile information related to these experiments in this section.

Experiment # 1

Title: Surface tension of a liquid

Resources:
1. A bowl of liquid (preferably water, milk etc)
2. Turmeric powder, pepper powder
3. A small amopunt of soap

Procedure:
1. Take a bowl of a liquid
2. Spread Turmeric powder, pepper powder on it
3. Dip your finger in this liquid to check what happens
4. Now apply small amount of soap on the finger
5. Dip it again in this liquid
6. Now check what happens

Observation:
1. When you dip your finger in this liquid without applying soap on a finger then nothing remarkable takes place.
2. When you dip your finger in this liquid with applying soap on a finger then Turmeric powder, pepper powder in a liquid go away from the finger and they form a beautiful patterns on the liquid

Scientific Explanation:
When you dip your finger in this liquid with apllying soap on a finger then surface tension of the liquid  breaks making the color particals float and move away from where finger is dipped. Soap break the surface tension of the liquid.

Experiment # 2

 
Title: Invisible Ink

Resources:
1. Plain white paper
2. Juice of organic substance (e.g milk, juice of lime, juice of onion etc.)
3. Ear bud
3. Oil lamp

Procedure:
1. Dip an Ear Bud in liquid of organic substance and write with it on a paper
2. In some time the writing gets dried and becomes invisible
3. Lit the oil lamp and hold this paper above the lamp at some distance, so that the heat of a flame of a lamp reaches the paper

Observation:
Within some time when the heat applied to the paper written with oraganic liquid, the part that is written starts becoming brownish and letter that are so far invisible, reappear.

Scientific Explanation:
Any organic substance after applying heat turns brown.

Experiment # 3

Title: Burning candle creates vacuum.

Resources:
1. A bowl of water (may be with a pinch of turmeric added to make it colored)
2. Slightly deep plate (like porridge plate) to hold the water
3. Candle

4. matchbox

5. Transparent water glass.

Procedure:
1. Take the bowl of water, add some turmeric and mix well so the water is yellow in color. (You can use kids poster color or food color as well.)
2. Put the candle in the center of the plate.
3. Now pour the colored water in the plate with care so when the candle is lighted, the flame will remain above the water level.
4. Light the candle carefully.
5. Put the glass over the candle.
6. Now check what happens...

Observation:
1. When you light the candle and put the glass over it, the candle keeps burning for a little while and then burns out.
2. At the same time you can see that the water level inside the glass rises higher than that of in the plate.

Scientific Explanation:
We know that Oxygen is required for the process of burning. When you light the candle and put glass over it, the candle uses all the available oxygen from the air which is inside the glass for burning and soon goes out. Now a vacuum is created inside the glass as the oxygen is used for burning. This vacuum has to be filled with something. The water from the plate rises up to fills it up.

Experiment # 4

Title: Air Pressure

Resources:

1. Glass

2. Piece of Carboard that can fit on top of Glass

3. Water

Procedure:

1. Take a Glass full of water, leaving no air in Glass

2. Place a Carboard on top of the water filled Glass, taking care the piece of Carboard doesn't have any folds

3. Place a hand on top of Cardboard 

and slowly turn the Glass upside down

Observation:

When we remove hand below the Cardboard, it still remians in its place and prevents water from falliing down.

Scientific Explanation:

Pressure of outside air is more than the water pressure. So the pressure acting on the Carboard from outside makes the Carboard stand the weight of water in the Glass and acts as a lid.